What Is Executive Function? By The Understood Team What You'll Learn Snapshot: What Executive Function Is Signs of Executive Functioning Issues Possible Causes of Executive Functioning Issues Diagnosing and Treating Executive Functioning Issues Executive function is a set of mental skills that include working memory, flexible thinking, and self-control. We use these skills every day to learn, work, and manage daily life. Trouble with executive function can make it hard to focus, follow directions, and handle emotions, among other things. Snapshot: What Executive Function Is Some people describe executive function as “the management system of the brain.” That’s because the skills involved let us set goals, plan, and get things done. When people struggle with executive function, it impacts them at home, in school, and in life. There are three main areas of executive function. They are: Working memory Cognitive flexibility (also called flexible thinking) Inhibitory control (w